How to use the glossary
Type an abbreviation (e.g. HBL), an English term (e.g. demurrage) or a Turkish equivalent (e.g. ordino) in the search box and the list filters instantly. Use the category buttons to see only documents, charges or customs terms. If a term is covered in detail in a guide topic, the definition ends with a link to it.
Turkish equivalents are included because this guide is written for readers in Türkiye as well; they also help when working with Turkish partners and documents.
Terms
220 terms
0–9
- 3PLThird-party logistics provider · TR: Üçüncü taraf lojistik sağlayıcı
- A company that provides outsourced logistics services such as warehousing, distribution and transport. More: The parties in trade and logistics →
- 4PLFourth-party logistics provider · TR: Dördüncü taraf lojistik sağlayıcı
- A provider that manages the customer's supply chain as a whole and coordinates several 3PLs. More: The parties in trade and logistics →
A
- A.TRA.TR movement certificate · TR: A.TR dolaşım belgesi
- A certificate showing that industrial goods are in free circulation under the Türkiye–EU Customs Union. It proves free circulation status, not origin. More: HS codes and customs procedures in Türkiye →
- ADRAgreement concerning the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Road · TR: Tehlikeli Malların Karayoluyla Uluslararası Taşınmasına İlişkin Avrupa Anlaşması
- The agreement governing the carriage of dangerous goods by road, covering vehicles, driver training, packaging and documents. More: Dangerous goods transport: IMDG and ADR →
- Advising / confirming bankTR: İhbar / teyit bankası
- The bank in the seller's country that advises the credit and, if asked, also confirms it. More: Payment methods and letters of credit →
- All-in rateTR: Her şey dahil navlun
- A price combining base freight and surcharges in one figure. The quote should state which items are included. More: Freight quotations and surcharges →
- ApplicantTR: Akreditif amiri
- The party that asks its bank to issue a letter of credit; usually the buyer. More: Payment methods and letters of credit →
- Arrival noticeTR: Varış ihbarı
- A notice the carrier or agent sends the consignee and notify party before the cargo arrives, also showing the charges due. More: The container shipment timeline →
- ATA CarnetTR: ATA karnesi
- An international customs document for temporary admission of samples, exhibition goods and professional equipment; issued in Türkiye by chambers of commerce. More: HS codes and customs procedures in Türkiye →
- AWBAir Waybill · TR: Hava yolu taşıma senedi
- The transport document in air freight, which is not a document of title. The airline issues the MAWB and the forwarder the HAWB. More: The parties in trade and logistics →
B
- B/LBill of Lading · TR: Konşimento
- In sea transport, the carrier's receipt for the cargo, evidence of the contract of carriage and, when made out to order, a document of title to the goods. More: The bill of lading →
- BAFBunker Adjustment Factor · TR: Yakıt ayarlama ek ücreti
- A surcharge passing changes in ship fuel prices on to freight; lines update it periodically. More: Freight quotations and surcharges →
- BCOBeneficial Cargo Owner · TR: Yükün asıl sahibi
- The importer or exporter that actually owns the cargo; used especially for large shippers that contract directly with shipping lines. More: The parties in trade and logistics →
- BeneficiaryTR: Lehtar
- The party entitled to payment under a letter of credit or insurance policy. Under an L/C it is usually the seller. More: Payment methods and letters of credit →
- Bill of exchange (draft)TR: Poliçe
- A negotiable instrument ordering the drawee to pay a set sum on a set date to the payee; used in documentary collections and credits. More: Payment methods and letters of credit →
- Blank sailingTR: İptal edilen sefer
- A shipping line cancelling a scheduled sailing or port call. Bookings roll to a later vessel. More: The container shipment timeline →
- BookingTR: Rezervasyon (booking)
- Reserving space and equipment with the carrier on a given sailing; the first step of a shipment. More: The container shipment timeline →
- Booking confirmationTR: Rezervasyon teyidi
- The carrier's confirmation of space, showing vessel, voyage, ports, cut-offs and the depot for collecting the empty container. More: The container shipment timeline →
- BreakbulkTR: Konvansiyonel (parça) yük
- Cargo loaded piece by piece rather than in containers: steel, machinery, project cargo. More: Container packing and weight distribution →
- BTBBinding Tariff Information · TR: Bağlayıcı Tarife Bilgisi
- A binding administrative ruling, issued on request, on how goods are classified. In Türkiye it is free of charge and valid for 6 years. More: HS codes and customs procedures in Türkiye →
- Bulk cargoTR: Dökme yük
- Unpackaged cargo loaded straight into the hold: grain, coal, ore, liquid fuel. More: The parties in trade and logistics →
- BunkerTR: Bunker (gemi yakıtı)
- Ship fuel. Changes in its price are passed on through surcharges such as BAF. More: Freight quotations and surcharges →
C
- C/PCharter party · TR: Çarter sözleşmesi
- The contract hiring a vessel for a voyage or a period of time. More: The parties in trade and logistics →
- CAControlled Atmosphere · TR: Kontrollü atmosfer
- Reefer technology that adjusts oxygen and carbon dioxide levels to slow the ripening of fruit and vegetables. More: Reefer containers and the cold chain →
- CAFCurrency Adjustment Factor · TR: Kur ayarlama ek ücreti
- A surcharge covering exchange-rate differences between the currency of freight and the currency of costs. More: Freight quotations and surcharges →
- Cargo insuranceTR: Kargo (emtia) sigortası
- Insurance protecting the cargo owner against loss of or damage to goods in transit, covering losses beyond the carrier's limited liability. More: Carrier liability and cargo insurance →
- CarrierTR: Taşıyıcı
- The party that undertakes to carry the cargo under a contract of carriage: a shipping line, airline, road haulier or an NVOCC issuing its own document. More: The parties in trade and logistics →
- Cash in advanceTR: Peşin ödeme
- The buyer pays before shipment; the safest method for the exporter. More: Payment methods and letters of credit →
- CBMCubic metre · TR: Metreküp
- The unit of volume: length × width × height in metres. More: FCL, LCL and freight calculation →
- Certificate of originTR: Menşe şahadetnamesi
- A document showing the country where the goods were produced. In Türkiye non-preferential certificates are issued by chambers of commerce and industry. More: HS codes and customs procedures in Türkiye →
- CFRCost and Freight · TR: Masraflar ve navlun
- A sea rule under which the seller pays the freight to the port of destination, but risk passes to the buyer when the goods are loaded on board at origin. More: Incoterms® 2020 →
- CFSContainer Freight Station · TR: Konteyner yük istasyonu
- The warehouse where LCL cargo is loaded into (consolidated) or unloaded from and split out of containers. More: FCL, LCL and freight calculation →
- Chargeable weightTR: Ücrete esas ağırlık
- The greater of actual and volumetric weight; freight is calculated on it. More: FCL, LCL and freight calculation →
- ChartererTR: Kiracı (çarterer)
- The party that hires a vessel for a voyage or a period under a charter party. More: The parties in trade and logistics →
- CICContainer Imbalance Charge · TR: Konteyner dengesizlik ücreti
- A surcharge covering the cost of repositioning empty containers to where they are needed. More: Freight quotations and surcharges →
- CIFCost, Insurance and Freight · TR: Masraflar, sigorta ve navlun
- As CFR, with the seller also taking out marine insurance with at least ICC (C) cover in the buyer's favour. More: Incoterms® 2020 →
- CIMCIM consignment note · TR: CIM demiryolu taşıma senedi
- The consignment note for international rail carriage under the COTIF/CIM rules. More: The parties in trade and logistics →
- CIPCarriage and Insurance Paid To · TR: Taşıma ve sigorta ödenmiş olarak
- As CPT, with the seller also taking out insurance with ICC (A) cover in the buyer's favour. More: Incoterms® 2020 →
- Claused (foul) bill of ladingTR: Kirli (şerhli) konşimento
- A bill on which the carrier notes damaged or missing goods or packaging. It is a discrepancy under a letter of credit. More: The bill of lading →
- Clean bill of ladingTR: Temiz konşimento
- A bill with no clause declaring a defective condition of the goods or packaging. Banks require clean bills under letters of credit. More: The bill of lading →
- CMRCMR consignment note · TR: CMR taşıma senedi
- The consignment note issued under the CMR Convention for international road carriage. It is not a document of title. More: Road vehicle types and loading metres →
- CMR ConventionTR: CMR Konvansiyonu
- The convention on carrier liability for international road carriage; the limit is 8.33 SDR per kilogram of gross weight. More: Carrier liability and cargo insurance →
- Cold chainTR: Soğuk zincir
- Keeping a temperature-sensitive product within a set range without interruption from production to consumption. More: Reefer containers and the cold chain →
- Combined D&DTR: Birleşik demuraj ve detention
- Days inside and outside the terminal are added together and deducted from a single free time. More: Demurrage, detention and storage →
- Combined transportTR: Kombine taşıma
- Intermodal transport where most of the journey is by rail, inland waterway or sea, with short road legs at either end. More: The parties in trade and logistics →
- Commercial invoiceTR: Ticari fatura
- The seller's invoice to the buyer showing description, quantity, unit and total price and delivery term; also the basis of the customs value. More: Payment methods and letters of credit →
- Confirmed letter of creditTR: Teyitli akreditif
- A credit to which a bank in the seller's country adds its own undertaking to pay; requested when the issuing bank or country is seen as risky. More: Payment methods and letters of credit →
- ConsigneeTR: Alıcı (gönderilen)
- The person or company named on the transport document as the party to whom the cargo is to be delivered. In L/C transactions this is often made out to the order of a bank. More: The parties in trade and logistics →
- ConsolidatorTR: Konsolidatör
- A company that combines small shipments from different shippers in the same container or vehicle to offer groupage (LCL/LTL) services. More: FCL, LCL and freight calculation →
- CPTCarriage Paid To · TR: Taşıma ödenmiş olarak
- The rule under which the seller pays for carriage to the named destination, while risk passes when the goods are handed to the first carrier. More: Incoterms® 2020 →
- Cross-dockingTR: Çapraz sevkiyat (cross-dock)
- A warehouse practice where inbound cargo is sorted and moved to outbound vehicles quickly, without storage. More: The parties in trade and logistics →
- CSCConvention for Safe Containers plate · TR: CSC güvenlik onay plakası
- The plate showing the container is approved under the Convention for Safe Containers, with its maximum gross mass and stacking values. More: Container packing and weight distribution →
- CTU CodeIMO/ILO/UNECE Code of Practice for Packing of Cargo Transport Units · TR: Yük taşıma birimlerinin yüklenmesine ilişkin uygulama kuralları
- The joint IMO, ILO and UNECE guidance on safely packing and securing containers, trailers and wagons. More: Container packing and weight distribution →
- CurtainsiderTR: Tenteli treyler
- The standard international road trailer with tarpaulin sides, loadable from the side, rear and top. More: Road vehicle types and loading metres →
- Customs brokerTR: Gümrük müşaviri
- A licensed professional who prepares customs declarations and handles customs formalities on behalf of the declarant. More: HS codes and customs procedures in Türkiye →
- Customs declarationTR: Gümrük beyannamesi
- The document telling customs which procedure the goods are to be placed under, with the required details; filed electronically in Türkiye. More: HS codes and customs procedures in Türkiye →
- Customs procedureTR: Gümrük rejimi
- The set of customs formalities applied to goods. Turkish customs law defines eight: release for free circulation, transit, customs warehousing, inward processing, processing under customs control, temporary admission, outward processing and export. More: HS codes and customs procedures in Türkiye →
- Customs UnionTR: Gümrük Birliği
- The arrangement between Türkiye and the EU in force since 1996, removing duties on industrial goods and adopting the common external tariff. Most agricultural products are outside it. More: HS codes and customs procedures in Türkiye →
- Customs valueTR: Gümrük kıymeti
- The value on which duties are calculated, based mainly on the transaction value (price paid); for imports into Türkiye, freight and insurance to the point of entry are added. More: HS codes and customs procedures in Türkiye →
- Customs warehousingTR: Gümrük antrepo rejimi
- An economic procedure allowing imported goods to be stored in approved warehouses without paying duties. More: HS codes and customs procedures in Türkiye →
- Cut-offTR: Kesim zamanı
- The deadline for delivering the container to the terminal (CY cut-off), submitting documents (SI cut-off) or declaring the VGM. Missing it can roll the box to a later vessel. More: The container shipment timeline →
- CYContainer Yard · TR: Konteyner sahası
- The area at a port or terminal where full and empty containers are stacked. "CY/CY" terms mean FCL carriage from yard to yard. More: The container shipment timeline →
D
- D/ADocuments against acceptance · TR: Kabul kredili ödeme
- The buyer receives the documents by accepting a time draft and pays at maturity. More: Payment methods and letters of credit →
- D/ODelivery order · TR: Ordino
- An instruction from the carrier or its agent to the terminal or warehouse to release the cargo to a named party. In Türkiye importers obtain it to collect the cargo. More: The bill of lading →
- D/PDocuments against payment · TR: Vesaik mukabili ödeme
- Documents representing the goods are sent through banks and released to the buyer against payment; the banks give no guarantee of payment. More: Payment methods and letters of credit →
- Dangerous goods classTR: Tehlike sınıfı
- The 9 classes dangerous goods are divided into by main hazard: explosives, gases, flammable liquids, flammable solids, oxidizers, toxic and infectious substances, radioactive material, corrosives and miscellaneous. More: Dangerous goods transport: IMDG and ADR →
- DAPDelivered at Place · TR: Belirlenen yerde teslim
- The rule under which the seller brings the goods to the named destination, on the vehicle and ready for unloading. Import clearance is for the buyer. More: Incoterms® 2020 →
- DC / GPDry Container / General Purpose · TR: Standart kuru yük konteyneri
- The most common container: closed, unventilated, for general dry cargo, in 20' and 40' lengths. More: Shipping container types and dimensions →
- DDPDelivered Duty Paid · TR: Gümrük vergileri ödenmiş olarak teslim
- The most demanding rule for the seller, who brings the goods to the named place with import clearance and duties included. More: Incoterms® 2020 →
- DemurrageTR: Demuraj
- A daily charge paid to the carrier when a container stays inside the port or terminal beyond free time. More: Demurrage, detention and storage →
- DespatchTR: Dispeç
- The amount the shipowner pays the charterer when loading or discharge finishes before laytime expires. More: Demurrage, detention and storage →
- DetentionTR: Detention (konteyner gecikme bedeli)
- A daily charge paid to the carrier when a container taken outside the terminal is not returned empty within free time. More: Demurrage, detention and storage →
- DGDDangerous Goods Declaration · TR: Tehlikeli madde beyanı
- The shipper's declaration that dangerous goods are correctly classified, packed and labelled. An incomplete or false declaration risks accidents and heavy penalties. More: Dangerous goods transport: IMDG and ADR →
- DiscrepancyTR: Rezerv (belge uyumsuzluğu)
- Presented documents not matching the terms of the credit or each other. The bank may then refuse payment. More: Payment methods and letters of credit →
- Documentation feeTR: Belge (konşimento) ücreti
- A flat fee for issuing the bill of lading or other transport documents. More: Freight quotations and surcharges →
- DPUDelivered at Place Unloaded · TR: Belirlenen yerde boşaltılmış olarak teslim
- The rule under which the seller brings the goods to the named place and unloads them. It replaced DAT in the 2020 edition. More: Incoterms® 2020 →
- DunnageTR: Dolgu ve takoz malzemesi
- Material such as timber, foam or airbags that fills gaps between cargo and protects it. More: Container packing and weight distribution →
- Dwell timeTR: Bekleme süresi
- How long a container stays at the terminal or a given point; longer dwell raises demurrage and storage costs. More: Demurrage, detention and storage →
E
- EBSEmergency Bunker Surcharge · TR: Acil yakıt ek ücreti
- A short-term surcharge applied when fuel prices rise suddenly. More: Freight quotations and surcharges →
- Empty container depotTR: Boş konteyner deposu
- The yard where the line keeps empty containers; exporters collect empties there and importers return them after unloading. More: The container shipment timeline →
- ETAEstimated Time of Arrival · TR: Tahmini varış zamanı
- The date and time the vessel, aircraft or vehicle is expected to arrive. More: The container shipment timeline →
- ETBEstimated Time of Berthing · TR: Tahmini yanaşma zamanı
- The expected time the vessel comes alongside the berth. With port congestion the gap between ETA and ETB grows. More: The container shipment timeline →
- ETDEstimated Time of Departure · TR: Tahmini kalkış zamanı
- The planned date and time of departure. In shipping it is often used interchangeably with ETS (estimated time of sailing). More: The container shipment timeline →
- ETSEU Emissions Trading System surcharge · TR: AB emisyon ticaret sistemi ek ücreti
- A surcharge lines apply on voyages to and from EU ports since the EU Emissions Trading System was extended to shipping. More: Freight quotations and surcharges →
- EUR.1EUR.1 movement certificate · TR: EUR.1 dolaşım belgesi
- A certificate proving preferential origin under free trade agreements, allowing reduced customs duty. More: HS codes and customs procedures in Türkiye →
- Euro pallet (EUR/EPAL)TR: Euro palet
- The standard 1.20 × 0.80 m pallet; the basic loading unit of European road freight. More: Shipping container types and dimensions →
- Export credit insuranceTR: İhracat kredi sigortası
- Insurance protecting the exporter against the buyer failing to pay on credit sales. More: Payment methods and letters of credit →
- Export procedureTR: İhracat rejimi
- The procedure under which goods in free circulation leave Türkiye's customs territory. More: HS codes and customs procedures in Türkiye →
- EXWEx Works · TR: İşyerinde teslim
- The rule under which the seller makes the goods available, not loaded, at its own premises. Loading, export clearance and everything after are for the buyer. More: Incoterms® 2020 →
F
- FactoringTR: Faktoring
- The exporter selling its receivables to a finance company to get cash early, possibly transferring collection risk too. More: Payment methods and letters of credit →
- FASFree Alongside Ship · TR: Gemi doğrultusunda masrafsız
- A sea rule under which the seller places the goods alongside the vessel named by the buyer at the port of shipment. Mainly used for bulk and project cargo. More: Incoterms® 2020 →
- FBLFIATA Multimodal Transport Bill of Lading · TR: FIATA çok modlu taşıma konşimentosu
- FIATA's standard form of negotiable bill issued by a forwarder for multimodal transport. More: The bill of lading →
- FCAFree Carrier · TR: Taşıyıcıya masrafsız
- The rule under which the seller clears the goods for export and delivers them to the carrier named by the buyer at the named place. Recommended instead of FOB for containers. More: Incoterms® 2020 →
- Feeder vesselTR: Besleyici gemi (feeder)
- A smaller vessel carrying containers between minor ports and main transshipment hubs. More: The container shipment timeline →
- FEUForty-foot Equivalent Unit · TR: Kırk fit eşdeğer birim
- The forty-foot container unit, equal to 2 TEU. More: Shipping container types and dimensions →
- FlexitankTR: Fleksitank
- A single-use flexible bladder fitted inside a 20' container for non-hazardous bulk liquids such as oils or wine. More: Container packing and weight distribution →
- FOBFree on Board · TR: Gemide masrafsız teslim
- A sea rule under which the seller loads the goods on board the vessel named by the buyer at the port of shipment. Risk passes once the goods are on board. More: Incoterms® 2020 →
- FRFlat Rack · TR: Platform konteyner
- A platform without side walls or roof, with end walls that may fold, for heavy out-of-gauge cargo. More: Shipping container types and dimensions →
- Free timeTR: Serbest süre
- The number of days the carrier lets you use the container free of charge; after it, demurrage and detention start. More: Demurrage, detention and storage →
- FreightTR: Navlun
- The charge for carriage. In shipping it means the main transport charge and, more broadly, the cargo itself. More: FCL, LCL and freight calculation →
- Freight forwarderTR: Taşıma işleri organizatörü (TİO)
- A company that plans transport end to end on behalf of its customer, selects carriers and coordinates documents and customs. If it issues its own bill of lading it may also take on carrier liability. More: The parties in trade and logistics →
- Freight prepaid / collectTR: Navlun peşin / varışta ödemeli
- Shows whether freight is paid at origin by the shipper (prepaid) or at destination by the consignee (collect); it should match the Incoterms rule. More: Freight quotations and surcharges →
- FTLFull Truck Load · TR: Komple araç yükü
- Road transport in which the whole vehicle is used for a single shipper. More: Road vehicle types and loading metres →
G
- Gate in / Gate outTR: Terminale giriş / Terminalden çıkış
- The records of a container passing in and out of the terminal gate. Demurrage and detention clocks run on these records. More: Demurrage, detention and storage →
- General averageTR: Müşterek avarya
- The sharing, by ship and all cargo owners in proportion to their values, of sacrifices and expenses deliberately made to save the venture from a common danger. Uninsured cargo owners must post security. More: Carrier liability and cargo insurance →
- GensetTR: Jeneratör seti
- A diesel generator powering a reefer container on road or rail where no mains power is available. More: Reefer containers and the cold chain →
- GRIGeneral Rate Increase · TR: Genel navlun artışı
- A general increase a line announces in advance and applies to all rates on a trade lane. More: Freight quotations and surcharges →
- GroupageTR: Grupaj
- Small shipments collected by a consolidator and moved in one vehicle or container; similar to LTL by road and LCL by sea. More: Road vehicle types and loading metres →
- GTİPCustoms tariff statistical position · TR: Gümrük Tarife İstatistik Pozisyonu
- The 12-digit code of goods in Türkiye's customs tariff: digits 1–6 are the Harmonized System, 7–8 the EU Combined Nomenclature, 9–10 national tax positions and 11–12 statistical codes. More: HS codes and customs procedures in Türkiye →
H
- Hague-Visby RulesTR: Lahey-Visby Kuralları
- International rules on carrier liability for sea carriage under bills of lading; the limit is 666.67 SDR per package or 2 SDR per kilogram, whichever is higher. More: Carrier liability and cargo insurance →
- HBLHouse Bill of Lading · TR: Ara konşimento (forwarder konşimentosu)
- The bill of lading a forwarder or NVOCC issues to its own customer. The shipping line's bill for the same cargo is the MBL. More: The bill of lading →
- HC / HQHigh Cube · TR: Yüksek konteyner
- A container about 30 cm taller than standard (9'6" external height), for light, bulky cargo. More: Shipping container types and dimensions →
- HSHarmonized System · TR: Armonize Sistem
- The World Customs Organization's product classification. Its 6-digit code is common worldwide and underpins all national tariff codes. More: HS codes and customs procedures in Türkiye →
I
- IATA DGRIATA Dangerous Goods Regulations · TR: IATA Tehlikeli Maddeler Yönetmeliği
- The rules airlines apply to dangerous goods by air, based on the ICAO Technical Instructions. More: Dangerous goods transport: IMDG and ADR →
- ICCInternational Chamber of Commerce · TR: Milletlerarası Ticaret Odası
- The international business organisation that publishes the Incoterms® rules and the UCP 600 rules for documentary credits. More: Incoterms® 2020 →
- ICC (A) / (B) / (C)Institute Cargo Clauses · TR: Enstitü Kargo Klozları
- The standard cover terms of cargo insurance. (A) covers all risks apart from exclusions, (C) only listed major perils, and (B) sits in between. More: Carrier liability and cargo insurance →
- ICDInland Container Depot · TR: İç konteyner terminali
- An inland container terminal linked by road or rail, where customs formalities can also be carried out. More: The container shipment timeline →
- IMDG CodeInternational Maritime Dangerous Goods Code · TR: Uluslararası Denizcilik Tehlikeli Yükler Kodu
- The IMO code setting classification, packing, labelling, documentation and segregation rules for carrying dangerous goods by sea. More: Dangerous goods transport: IMDG and ADR →
- IMOInternational Maritime Organization · TR: Uluslararası Denizcilik Örgütü
- The UN agency setting maritime safety and environmental rules; SOLAS, MARPOL and the IMDG Code sit under it. More: Dangerous goods transport: IMDG and ADR →
- Incoterms®International Commercial Terms · TR: Uluslararası teslim kuralları
- The 11 standard delivery rules published by the ICC that set where risk, cost, insurance and customs formalities pass from seller to buyer. The current edition is Incoterms® 2020. More: Incoterms® 2020 →
- Insured valueTR: Sigorta bedeli
- The amount the cargo is insured for. Under CIF and CIP it must be at least 110% of the invoice value. More: Carrier liability and cargo insurance →
- Intermodal transportTR: İntermodal taşıma
- Moving cargo by several modes while it stays in the same loading unit (container, trailer), without handling the goods themselves. More: The parties in trade and logistics →
- Inward processingTR: Dahilde işleme rejimi
- The procedure allowing imported inputs used to make export products to be brought in duty-free or against security. More: HS codes and customs procedures in Türkiye →
- ISPSInternational Ship and Port Facility Security Code · TR: Uluslararası Gemi ve Liman Tesisi Güvenlik Kodu
- IMO rules on ship and port security under SOLAS. Ports may pass the related costs on as an ISPS surcharge. More: Freight quotations and surcharges →
- Issuing bankTR: Amir banka
- The bank that opens the credit on the buyer's instructions. More: Payment methods and letters of credit →
J
- Jumbo (drawbar combination)TR: Jumbo (römorklu kamyon)
- A truck body plus drawbar trailer, offering the highest volume. More: Road vehicle types and loading metres →
K
- KN / CNCombined Nomenclature · TR: Kombine Nomenklatür
- The EU's 8-digit tariff nomenclature, adding 2 digits to the HS 6. Under the Customs Union Türkiye uses it for GTİP digits 7–8. More: HS codes and customs procedures in Türkiye →
L
- L/CLetter of credit (documentary credit) · TR: Akreditif
- An undertaking by the buyer's bank to pay the seller when documents complying with the terms of the credit are presented. More: Payment methods and letters of credit →
- Label / placardTR: Etiket / levha
- Diamond-shaped hazard signs; smaller ones go on packages (labels), larger ones on containers and vehicles (placards). More: Dangerous goods transport: IMDG and ADR →
- Lashing and securingTR: Sabitleme (bağlama)
- Tying down cargo inside a container or vehicle with straps, chocks, airbags and similar to stop it shifting or tipping. More: Container packing and weight distribution →
- Last mileTR: Son kilometre teslimatı
- The final delivery leg from the distribution centre to the end recipient's door. More: The parties in trade and logistics →
- LaytimeTR: Staliya
- The time allowed to the charterer under a charter party for loading or discharge. Exceeding it triggers vessel demurrage; finishing early may earn despatch. More: Demurrage, detention and storage →
- LDMLoading metre · TR: Yükleme metresi
- The measure of trailer floor space used: (length × width) ÷ 2.4. A standard 13.6 m trailer is 13.6 LDM. More: Road vehicle types and loading metres →
- Liner serviceTR: Düzenli hat taşımacılığı
- A shipping service running scheduled sailings between set ports; container shipping works on this model. More: The parties in trade and logistics →
- LOILetter of indemnity · TR: Tazmin taahhütnamesi
- An undertaking to hold the carrier harmless, for example when delivery is requested without an original bill; often backed by a bank guarantee. More: The bill of lading →
- Lowbed (low loader)TR: Lowbed
- A low-deck trailer for tall, heavy cargo such as construction machinery. More: Road vehicle types and loading metres →
- LQLimited quantity · TR: Sınırlı miktar
- A provision allowing dangerous goods in small inner packagings to be carried under lighter rules; marking is still required. More: Dangerous goods transport: IMDG and ADR →
- LSSLow Sulphur Surcharge · TR: Düşük kükürtlü yakıt ek ücreti
- A surcharge reflecting the cost of the more expensive fuel used to meet the sulphur limits under MARPOL. More: Freight quotations and surcharges →
- LTLLess than Truck Load · TR: Parsiyel karayolu yükü
- Road transport combining several shippers' cargo in one vehicle, charged by floor space (LDM) or weight. More: Road vehicle types and loading metres →
M
- ManifestTR: Manifesto
- The list of all cargo on a vessel, aircraft or vehicle, submitted to customs before or on arrival. More: The bill of lading →
- Marine pollutantTR: Deniz kirletici
- A substance harmful to the marine environment that needs special marking under the IMDG Code. More: Dangerous goods transport: IMDG and ADR →
- MARPOLInternational Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships · TR: Gemilerden Kaynaklanan Kirliliğin Önlenmesi Uluslararası Sözleşmesi
- The IMO convention regulating marine and air pollution from ships. Fuel sulphur limits come from it and lie behind low-sulphur surcharges. More: Freight quotations and surcharges →
- MBLMaster Bill of Lading · TR: Ana konşimento
- The bill of lading issued by the shipping line to the party that delivered the cargo to it, usually a forwarder or NVOCC. More: The bill of lading →
- Mega trailerTR: Mega treyler
- A trailer with a lowered chassis offering about 3 m internal height. More: Road vehicle types and loading metres →
- Montreal ConventionTR: Montreal Konvansiyonu
- The convention on carrier liability for international air carriage. Following ICAO's 2024 review, the cargo limit has been 26 SDR per kilogram since 28 December 2024. More: Carrier liability and cargo insurance →
- Mother vesselTR: Ana gemi
- A large container ship operating on the deep-sea main line. More: The container shipment timeline →
- Multimodal transportTR: Çok modlu taşıma
- Carriage by at least two modes under a single contract and a single responsible party. More: The parties in trade and logistics →
N
- Named placeTR: Belirlenen yer
- The place written after an Incoterms rule where delivery or arrival takes place. The more precise it is, the lower the risk of a dispute. More: Incoterms® 2020 →
- NCTSNew Computerised Transit System · TR: Yeni Bilgisayarlı Transit Sistemi
- The electronic system for transit declarations in countries party to the Common Transit Convention, which Türkiye has joined. More: HS codes and customs procedures in Türkiye →
- Notify partyTR: İhbar tarafı
- The party on the bill of lading whom the carrier informs when the cargo arrives. Usually the buyer or its customs broker; it need not have any right to the goods. More: The bill of lading →
- NVOCCNon-Vessel Operating Common Carrier · TR: Gemi işletmeyen taşıyıcı
- A carrier that operates no vessels but issues its own bill of lading (HBL) and takes carrier liability towards its customer, contracting with the shipping line in its own name. More: The parties in trade and logistics →
O
- OBLOriginal Bill of Lading · TR: Orijinal konşimento
- The original bill of lading, usually issued as a full set of three. Under an order bill, the cargo is released at destination against surrender of one original. More: The bill of lading →
- OOGOut of Gauge · TR: Gabari dışı yük
- Cargo exceeding the standard dimensions of a container or vehicle; moved on flat racks or open tops at extra freight. More: Shipping container types and dimensions →
- Open accountTR: Mal mukabili ödeme (açık hesap)
- Goods and documents go straight to the buyer, who pays at maturity; the riskiest method for the exporter. More: Payment methods and letters of credit →
- OTOpen Top · TR: Üstü açık konteyner
- A container with no fixed roof, covered by a tarpaulin, for cargo loaded by crane or too tall for a closed box. More: Shipping container types and dimensions →
- Outward processingTR: Hariçte işleme rejimi
- Temporarily exporting goods in free circulation for processing or repair, then re-importing them with duty relief. More: HS codes and customs procedures in Türkiye →
P
- Packing listTR: Çeki listesi
- A list showing the contents, dimensions and gross and net weight of each package or pallet. More: Payment methods and letters of credit →
- PayloadTR: Azami yük
- The maximum cargo weight a container can carry: maximum gross mass minus tare. More: Shipping container types and dimensions →
- Per diemTR: Günlük ücret
- A charge per day; in some markets it is used instead of detention. More: Demurrage, detention and storage →
- Perishable cargoTR: Bozulabilir yük
- Temperature- and time-sensitive cargo such as food, flowers and medicines; it needs a cold chain. More: Reefer containers and the cold chain →
- PGPacking group · TR: Ambalaj grubu
- The group showing degree of danger: I high, II medium, III low. Packaging strength is chosen accordingly. More: Dangerous goods transport: IMDG and ADR →
- PODPort of Discharge · TR: Boşaltma limanı
- The port where the cargo is discharged from the vessel. In other contexts POD also means proof of delivery. More: The bill of lading →
- POLPort of Loading · TR: Yükleme limanı
- The port where the cargo is loaded on the main vessel. More: The bill of lading →
- POR / FPDPlace of Receipt / Final Place of Delivery · TR: Teslim alma yeri / Son teslim yeri
- The inland point where the carrier takes over the cargo before the port, and the final point after it; shown on the bill for door-to-door moves. More: The bill of lading →
- Processing under customs controlTR: Gümrük kontrolü altında işleme
- The procedure allowing imported goods to be processed under customs control into products subject to lower duty. More: HS codes and customs procedures in Türkiye →
- PSSPeak Season Surcharge · TR: Yoğun sezon ek ücreti
- A temporary surcharge lines apply in periods of high demand. More: Freight quotations and surcharges →
- PTIPre-Trip Inspection · TR: Sefer öncesi kontrol
- The technical check of a reefer container before loading to confirm the refrigeration unit works. More: Reefer containers and the cold chain →
R
- Received for shipment bill of ladingTR: Yüklenmek üzere teslim alındı konşimentosu
- A bill showing that the carrier has received the cargo but it has not yet been loaded. An on-board notation can be added later. More: The bill of lading →
- Release for free circulationTR: Serbest dolaşıma giriş
- The procedure under which imported goods, once duties are paid and trade measures applied, may be used freely in Türkiye; "import" in everyday speech. More: HS codes and customs procedures in Türkiye →
- RF / RHReefer container · TR: Soğutmalı konteyner
- An insulated container with its own refrigeration unit that holds a set temperature. The unit maintains temperature; it is not designed to cool the cargo down. More: Reefer containers and the cold chain →
- RIDRegulations concerning the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Rail · TR: Tehlikeli malların demiryoluyla taşınması kuralları
- The rules for carrying dangerous goods by international rail (an appendix to COTIF). More: Dangerous goods transport: IMDG and ADR →
- Ro-RoRoll-on/Roll-off · TR: Ro-Ro
- Transport in which vehicles and trailers drive on and off the ship; common in Türkiye–Europe road freight. More: Road vehicle types and loading metres →
- RolloverTR: Sonraki gemiye kaydırma
- A container planned for one vessel being left for a later one because of lack of space, a missed cut-off or a cancellation. More: The container shipment timeline →
S
- SDRSpecial Drawing Right · TR: Özel Çekme Hakkı
- The IMF's unit of account based on a basket of currencies. Carrier liability limits in transport conventions are stated in SDR; its value changes daily. More: Carrier liability and cargo insurance →
- SDS (MSDS)Safety Data Sheet · TR: Güvenlik bilgi formu
- A document setting out a chemical's hazards, safe handling and emergency measures in 16 sections; transport information is in section 14. More: Dangerous goods transport: IMDG and ADR →
- SealTR: Mühür
- A numbered single-use security seal fitted to the container door. Its number is shown on the bill of lading and the declaration. More: Container packing and weight distribution →
- SegregationTR: Ayrıştırma
- The rules keeping substances that may react dangerously apart, by distance or compartment, in a container or on a vessel. More: Dangerous goods transport: IMDG and ADR →
- Set pointTR: Ayar sıcaklığı
- The temperature the reefer unit is set to maintain. The shipper states it at booking; a wrong entry can spoil the cargo. More: Reefer containers and the cold chain →
- Shipowner / shipping lineTR: Armatör
- The company that operates the vessel and actually performs the sea carriage. In container shipping the liner companies running scheduled services are also called this. More: The parties in trade and logistics →
- Shipped on board bill of ladingTR: Gemiye yüklendi kayıtlı konşimento
- A bill showing that the goods have been loaded on a named vessel, with the date. Most letters of credit require it. More: The bill of lading →
- ShipperTR: Gönderici (yükleten)
- The party that hands the cargo to the carrier and appears as shipper on the transport document. Usually the seller, but not always. More: The parties in trade and logistics →
- Shipping agentTR: Acente (armatör acentesi)
- A company that represents the shipping line in a country or port, handling bookings, bills of lading, delivery orders and port formalities. More: The parties in trade and logistics →
- SIShipping instructions · TR: Yükleme talimatı
- The details the shipper gives the carrier for issuing the bill of lading: parties, cargo description, weight, container and seal numbers. Due by a set cut-off. More: The container shipment timeline →
- SLACShipper's Load and Count · TR: Gönderici tarafından yüklendi ve sayıldı
- A clause on FCL bills: the shipper loaded and counted the container, so the carrier does not accept responsibility for the quantity inside. More: The bill of lading →
- SOC / COCShipper Owned Container / Carrier Owned Container · TR: Göndericiye ait / taşıyıcıya ait konteyner
- The split by container owner. With COC the box belongs to the line and detention applies; with SOC it belongs to the shipper. More: Shipping container types and dimensions →
- SOLASInternational Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea · TR: Denizde Can Güvenliği Uluslararası Sözleşmesi
- The main IMO convention on ship safety. The requirement to declare a container's verified gross mass (VGM) comes from it. More: The container shipment timeline →
- Spot rate / contract rateTR: Anlık navlun / sözleşmeli navlun
- A spot rate is today's market price for one shipment; a contract rate is agreed in advance for a period and volume. More: Freight quotations and surcharges →
- Stack date (receiving window)TR: Kabul başlangıç tarihi (stack date)
- The date from which the terminal accepts export containers for a given vessel. Earlier arrivals may be refused or charged extra. More: The container shipment timeline →
- STCSaid to Contain · TR: İçerdiği beyan edilmiştir
- A clause stating that the cargo description on the bill is based on the shipper's declaration and has not been verified by the carrier. More: The bill of lading →
- StevedoreTR: Yükleme-boşaltma şirketi
- The port company or worker that loads cargo onto and discharges it from vessels. More: The parties in trade and logistics →
- StorageTR: Ardiye
- A storage charge paid to the terminal operator while cargo or a container waits at the terminal. More: Demurrage, detention and storage →
- Stowage planTR: İstif planı
- The plan showing where each container goes on the vessel, taking account of weight, dangerous goods and discharge port sequence. More: Container packing and weight distribution →
- Straight bill of ladingTR: Nama yazılı konşimento
- A bill naming a specific consignee, which cannot be transferred by endorsement. Whether an original is needed for delivery depends on the country and the carrier's terms. More: The bill of lading →
- SWBSea waybill · TR: Deniz yolu taşıma senedi
- A transport document that is not a document of title; the cargo is delivered to the named consignee on identification, without any original. Preferred between trusted parties and within groups. More: The bill of lading →
T
- Tank container (ISO tank)TR: Tank konteyner
- A stainless steel tank in an ISO frame, used for bulk liquids, foodstuffs and chemicals. More: Dangerous goods transport: IMDG and ADR →
- TareTR: Dara
- The weight of the empty container (or packaging). More: Shipping container types and dimensions →
- Telex releaseTR: Teleks serbest bırakma
- The original bills are surrendered to the carrier at origin and the destination agent is instructed to release the cargo without waiting for an original. More: The bill of lading →
- Temporary admissionTR: Geçici ithalat
- Bringing in goods to be re-exported unchanged after a set period (exhibition goods, professional equipment) with full or partial duty relief. More: HS codes and customs procedures in Türkiye →
- Temporary storageTR: Geçici depolama
- Goods presented to customs waiting at an approved temporary storage facility until placed under a customs procedure. More: HS codes and customs procedures in Türkiye →
- Terminal operatorTR: Terminal işletmecisi
- The company that handles and stores containers at a port or inland terminal and collects storage charges. More: Demurrage, detention and storage →
- TEUTwenty-foot Equivalent Unit · TR: Yirmi fit eşdeğer birim
- The container unit: a 20' container is 1 TEU and a 40' is 2 TEU. Ship capacity and port statistics are measured in it. More: Shipping container types and dimensions →
- THCTerminal Handling Charge · TR: Terminal elleçleme ücreti
- The charge for handling the container at the terminal, split into OTHC at origin and DTHC at destination; who pays depends on the Incoterms rule. More: Freight quotations and surcharges →
- Through bill of ladingTR: Doğrudan (aktarmalı) konşimento
- A single bill covering a whole shipment that involves several carriers or legs. More: The bill of lading →
- TIR CarnetTR: TIR karnesi
- The document under the TIR Convention allowing goods in a sealed road vehicle to transit several countries under a guarantee. More: Road vehicle types and loading metres →
- To order bill of ladingTR: Emre yazılı konşimento
- A bill with "to order" or "to the order of …" in the consignee box, transferable by endorsement. Common in letter of credit transactions. More: The bill of lading →
- Tramp shippingTR: Tramp (düzensiz) taşımacılık
- Ship operation without a fixed schedule, chartered to wherever cargo is available; common in bulk shipping. More: The parties in trade and logistics →
- Transfer of riskTR: Risk devri
- The moment the risk of loss of or damage to the goods passes from seller to buyer. The Incoterms rule sets this point; it does not govern transfer of ownership. More: Incoterms® 2020 →
- Transit procedureTR: Transit rejimi
- The procedure allowing goods to move under customs supervision from one customs office to another, or out of the country, without paying duties. More: HS codes and customs procedures in Türkiye →
- Transit timeTR: Transit süre
- The time cargo takes from origin to destination; as important as the freight rate when comparing quotes. More: The container shipment timeline →
- TransshipmentTR: Aktarma
- Moving cargo from one vessel (or vehicle) to another during the journey. It adds transit time and delay risk; letters of credit state whether it is allowed. More: The container shipment timeline →
U
- UCP 600Uniform Customs and Practice for Documentary Credits · TR: Belgeli Akreditifler İçin Tek Tip Kurallar ve Uygulamalar
- The ICC rules applied to letters of credit. They give banks a maximum of 5 banking days to examine documents. More: Payment methods and letters of credit →
- ULDUnit Load Device · TR: Hava kargo yükleme birimi
- A pallet or container used to load aircraft, built to fit the aircraft type. More: The parties in trade and logistics →
- UN numberTR: UN numarası
- The four-digit identification number the UN expert committee assigns to dangerous substances (e.g. UN 1203, petrol). More: Dangerous goods transport: IMDG and ADR →
- Unimodal transportTR: Tek modlu taşıma
- Transport by a single mode, such as road only or sea only. More: The parties in trade and logistics →
V
- VGMVerified Gross Mass · TR: Doğrulanmış brüt ağırlık
- The container weight that SOLAS requires to be declared before loading: cargo, packaging, pallets, securing material and tare. A container without a VGM is not loaded. More: The container shipment timeline →
- Volumetric weightTR: Hacimsel ağırlık
- Volume converted to weight with a factor specific to the mode. In air cargo (L × W × H cm) ÷ 6,000 is common. More: FCL, LCL and freight calculation →
W
- W/MWeight or Measurement · TR: Ağırlık veya hacim
- The LCL charging basis: the charge is per tonne or per m³, whichever gives the higher figure (revenue ton). More: FCL, LCL and freight calculation →
- War risk surchargeTR: Savaş riski ek ücreti
- A surcharge for the extra insurance and routing cost of voyages to or through conflict or high-risk areas. More: Freight quotations and surcharges →
- WCOWorld Customs Organization · TR: Dünya Gümrük Örgütü
- The international body that maintains the Harmonized System and works to harmonise customs practice. More: HS codes and customs procedures in Türkiye →
Y
- YYS / AEOAuthorised Economic Operator · TR: Yetkilendirilmiş Yükümlü Statüsü
- A status giving firms with approved reliability simpler customs treatment (fewer checks, faster processing). More: HS codes and customs procedures in Türkiye →
No matching terms.